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Health Disparities Statistics
DIABETES
GOAL
Through prevention programs, reduce the disease and economic burden of diabetes,
and improve the quality of life for all persons who have or are at risk for diabetes.
OVERVIEW
Diabetes is a chronic disease that usually manifests itself as one of two major Types:
Type 1, mainly occurring in children and adolescents 18 years and younger, in which
the body does not produce insulin and thus insulin administration is required to sustain
life; or Type 2, occurring usually in adults over 30 years of age, in which the body’s
tissues become unable to use its own limited amount of insulin effectively. While all
persons with diabetes require self-management training, treatment for Type 2 diabetes
usually consists of a combination of physical activity, proper nutrition, oral tablets, and
insulin. Previously, Type 1 diabetes has been referred to as juvenile or insulindependent
diabetes and Type 2 diabetes as adult-onset or non-insulin dependent
diabetes.
ISSUES & TRENDS
Diabetes is a serious public health issue in the VI. It places a tremendous burden on
residents and is estimated according to the USVI Diabetes Strategic Plan: 2002-2012,
to affect up to 12,561 Virgin Islanders and up to 16% of the adult population. Younger
persons and even children are being affected by Type 2 Diabetes. The V.I. Behavioral
Risk Factor Survey of 1999 reported that, the prevalence of diabetes appears to be
highest in the St. Croix district where 11% of adults had been told they have diabetes.
This compared to 9% of St. Thomas adults, and 7% of St. John adults.
DISPARITIES
Diabetes in the VI affects more Black and Hispanic residents and is more common in
older adults and persons with lower education and income levels. Graphs 12, 13, and
14 from the 1999 BRFSS show the distribution of diabetes by Race/Ethnicity,
Education Level and Age and Sex.
OPPORTUNITIES
The Department of Health needs to increase awareness of persons with diabetes and
those at high risk of developing disease. There is a need for Certified Diabetes
Educators in the health care system. We need to utilize data from recent clinical trials
about preventing or delaying diabetes from developing through diet and exercise, and
translate those into interventions and lifestyle changes in our communities.
OBJECTIVES
5.1.1 Increase the proportion of persons with diabetes who receive formal
diabetes education.
Baseline data: US 45%; VI 26%. Target 2010: US 60%; VI 40%.
VI Data source: BRFSS Diabetes Module
5-2. Prevent diabetes.
Baseline data: US 3.5 new cases of diabetes per 1000
Target 2010: 2.5 cases per 1000.
VI Data Source: Vital Statistics
5-3. Reduce the overall rate of diabetes that is clinically diagnosed.
Baseline: US 40 overall cases per 1000
Target 2010: US 25 overall cases per 1,000
VI Data Source: Health Pro; Private Provider; Hospitals
5-4. Increase the proportion of adults with diabetes whose condition has been
diagnosed.
Baseline: US 65 overall cases per 1000
Target 2010: US 80 overall cases per 1000
VI Data Source: Health Pro; Private Provider; Hospitals
5-5. Reduce the diabetes death rates.
Baseline: US 75 deaths per 100,000;
Target 2010 US 45 deaths per 100,000
VI Data Source: Vital Statistics
5-6. Reduce the diabetes-related deaths among persons with diabetes.
Baseline: US: 8.8 deaths per 100,000; Target 2010 7.8 deaths per 100,000
VI Data Source: Vital Statistics
5-7. Reduce deaths from cardiovascular disease in persons with diabetes.
Baseline: US 343 deaths 100,000;
Target 2010: 309 deaths per 100,000 (10% improvement)
Data Source: Vital Statistics
5-10. Reduce the rate of lower extremity amputations in persons with diabetes.
Baseline: US 11 amputations per 1000; Target 2010: 5 amputations per 1000
VI Data Source: Hospital discharge data.
5-12. Increase the proportion of adults with diabetes who have a glycosylated
hemoglobin measurement at least once a year.
Baseline: US 24%; VI 26.5%; Target 2010: US 50%, VI 50%.
VI Data Source: BRFSS Diabetes Module.
5-13. Increase the proportion of adults with diabetes who have an annual dilated
eye examination. (Objective related to focus area 28-Vision)
Baseline data: US 56%; VI 58%; Target 2010: US 75%; VI 75%;
Data Source: BRFSS Diabetes Module.
5-14. Increase the proportion of adults with diabetes who have at least an
annual foot examination.
Baseline: US 55%; VI 54%; Target 2010: US 75%; VI 72%.
VI Data Source: BRFSS Diabetes Module.
5-15. Increase the proportion of persons with diabetes who have at least an
annual dental examination. (Objective related to focus area 21-Dental)
Baseline: US 58%; Target 2010: US 75%; VI 60%;
5-17. Increase the proportion of adults with diabetes who perform self-bloodglucose
monitoring at least once daily.
Baseline: US 42%; Target 2010: US 60% VI 50%.
VI Data Source: BRFSS Diabetes Module.
Source: United States Virgin Islands Healthy Virgin Islands 2010
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